Learning styles which one works for you

Everyone sees data diversely and consequently their taking in techniques fluctuate from one another. Some may appreciate learning in a gathering setting while the others may learn better in confinement. Some may just process each movement in turn while another individual may favor performing various tasks. Primary concern, there are numerous prospects related with the learning procedure. Learning style is basically the technique that an individual uses to hold data. Review the abilities of the individuals in your group they are assorted in nature and utilize various techniques to learn. Did you ever understand that the method utilized by your companion didn’t function admirably for you? That’s essentially on the grounds that you and your companion are isolated people. There are different learning styles utilized by the understudies the world over. A portion of the normal learning styles are recorded beneath: Visual Learning: This is the learning technique that uses maps , graphs or hues to unravel the current information. The understudies that utilization this learning technique are profoundly innovative and have bright creative mind. Be that as it may, these understudies face trouble in extricating implications out of mediums that need glitz. You can beat this issue by supplanting the content with pictures and by using visual methods to the best of utilization. Verbal Learning: This learning strategy is used by people that understand data by means of words. These understudies are acceptable at perusing and composing aptitudes; they additionally appreciate exercises of such nature, for example, the tongue twisters or the word puzzles. The individuals that benefiters from this methodology are known to be acceptable conversationalists and since their composing game is solid they can pen ventures like proficient task composing administrations UK with no trouble.  Intrapersonal Learning: The individuals that utilization this procedure are fundamenta lly happy with learning alone or, in all likelihood they can’t concentrate appropriately towards the substance, they are attempting to contemplate. To accomplish this target they shut out all interruptions, which may incorporate their companions as well. The advantages of this procedure are regular pioneers and the administration occupations are their specialty. Community oriented Learning: Conversely to a single student, the students through this procedure hold data by collaborating with others. These individuals concentrate well in bunch settings. These individuals are social and they can perform best at occupations that expect them to speak with others. Sensation Learning: This procedure is tied in with learning substance close by some other physical movement. The individuals that utilization this method are continually moving or accomplishing something with their hands. These individuals have an eye on the current conditions and they are too involved to even think about w orrying about the past or future-consider it a gift. You may have seen a brief look at yourself in one of these learning styles referenced and you may have seen the impression of your companion in another. It is essential that you realize your qualities to clean them further by utilizing the applicable learning technique. The learning technique picked by you talk a great deal about you as an individual, give close consideration to such detail and pick a calling that can oblige your grit.

Genocide is a neglected topic within criminal justice and criminology Essay

Destruction is a disregarded subject inside criminal equity and criminology. Basically break down this announcement - Essay Example tem locally or universally appears to show an absence of eagerness, if such a word is conceivable, in making stricter rules and disciplines with regards to destruction when contrasted with how they seem to be, for instance, in improving standards as to other crimes. Massacre is a word utilized by the late Jewish Polish laywer Raphael Lemkin [Balakian 2013] to portray what the Nazis did to the Jews. Later on, it was additionally characterized by the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide as any of a few recorded acts directed with a plan to crush, in part or totally, a national, ethnical, racial or strict gathering. (Akhavan 2007) Genocide was a detestable that ended the lives of incalculable of guiltless Jewish grown-ups and kids. Lamentably, during that time the criminal framework didn't have set laws to rebuff mass killings. The ones responsible were simply rebuffed for criminal acts corresponding to universal outfitted clash. The painstakingly arranged execution of the Jews by the Nazi troopers in the Holocaust is a prime case of massacre. Lamentably, those answerable for the killings were not charged for slaughter as the term didn't exist in that period. Following its foundation as a global wrongdoing, the demonstration of massacre returned in history just decades later, during the Bosnian clash to be increasingly explicit. This was an ideal opportunity to see criminal equity persevere on decimation dependent on the definition set during the Convention. Unfortunately for the people in question, their demises have stayed shamed as those deserted are partitioned concerning whether the demonstrations fall under the meaning of massacre. (Cooke-Welling 2012) This is the place criminal equity seems to have dismissed decimation. At the point when it had made a difference the most, the criminal equity framework are as yet attempting to arrive at a choice on whether the ethnic purifying that occurred in numerous pieces of Bosnia can be viewed as decimation as per the built up definition. At present,

Performance Measurement Reporting An Initial Guide

Performance Measurement Reporting An Initial Guide © Shutterstock.com | bleakstarPerformance measurement and reporting provides information that is factually based and measures progress, effectiveness of a process while monitoring if outcomes are being achieved.  In this article, we discuss 1) business performance management, 2) performance measurement process, 3) performance measures, 4) performance reporting components, and 5) benefits of performance reporting.BUSINESS PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENTBusiness performance management is a set of management processes that analyze and enable a company to achieve set objectives. The purpose of performance management is to improve work performance and encourage individual productivity in organizations, as well as to identify and eliminate ineffective performers as well as recognize strong performers. When a business performance initiative is successful, it helps the organization achieve its desired results with the resources the company has on site.Business performance management has three main activities:Selection of goals: Goal setting improves work motivation. Goal acceptance is necessary and so is moderation of goal setting efforts as well as the progression from setting to attainment.Consolidation of measurement information:   Measurement information collected and analyzed has to be relevant to the organization’s progress as compared to the goal. There is no use, for example, in measuring what sales tactics are accomplishing if the company objective is to become more customer-oriented.Interventions made by managers: As with any other goal, there are times when strategies will not align with tactics, and as such, business managers can intervene to ensure the performance is in line with the goals and objectives decided on by the company.PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT PROCESSA company’s performance measurement process is vital to the decision-making process. As written in Orau.gov handbook you cannot control what you cannot measure and you cannot change what you cannot cont rol. So deficiencies and outdated systems can only be corrected and updated if they are examined and measured against the company’s objectives and desired standards. Measurements then are used by a company for assessment of the processes, reduce variations and control methods, continuously improve the systems in place and manage assessment to ensure goals are being met with efficiency and effectiveness. Companies implementing a solid performance measurement system should follow these principles:Measure what is important, and customer satisfaction is always important.Be customer oriented and focus on meeting those needs. Customers give great feedback, and this can help the firm decide what to measure.Involve your workers in designing and setting up a measurement system, this will help them to feel involved and they will more likely want to uphold the standards and aim to accomplish the goals you set together.There is a cyclical approach to performance measurement that starts with t he management of expectations by outlining the process and defining the expected outcomes. Next, steps should be taken to outline what is important to be measured, what will be impacted and the desired outputs. Following that the managers should continue with the collection of data and develop a strategy that will follow and link levels of performance to the set goals. And once those steps are taken the final part of the cycle is to create an image of what the performance looks like and what is being done whether for maintenance or improvement. Broken down below is the cycle in the form of steps. Once a company follows this route, it will be easier to see how daily acts performed by the company are either adding to the process or deviating from the important objectives.  1. Outline the direction the process will takeIdentifying the direction of the process will offer an understanding of what you are about to measure. Select the processes that impact the business and the customers an d start there.2. Identify the important activity and measure itThe focus should be on key areas and business components, not people. This needs to be controlled because of the impact on productivity, efficiency and quality of other units of measurement3. Establish company’s performance goals, objectives or standardsGoals and standards need to be established to be able to compare logically what is being accomplished. They should be established for various aspects of the company and measured based on the standards set.   They should also be attainable, economic, applicable, consistent, cover all interrelated department activities, understood by those trying to reach them, stable and established, and most of all adaptable so if need arises they can be added to or subtracted from, based on what is required by the customers.4. Establish ways in which to measure performanceEach measurement system should contain a unit of measurement, a sensor (evaluation of actual performance) and a con sistent frequency (number of times measured).5. Name the key department managers involvedIn this step, the decision makers must be labeled and put into place. Various decisions should be made such as how and what data will be collected, who will analyze and report the performance, how to compare the goals and performance and what needs to be done if corrective action is needed.6. Collect relevant informationIn order to support the goals and have cohesive information, useful, and relevant data must be collected. Once collected, however, the leader in charge of data retrieval will need to extract all the necessary information to find all the answers to the questions that will lead to performance measurements. There are two types of data to be collected in this particular process: (1) variable or measured and (2) attributed or counted data.Measured data takes on different values and shows a numeric picture of the business’ process. An example would be the number of hours spent workin g on a problem.But counted data on the other hand does not necessarily present in numeric form. An example of this type of data would be the answer to the question was the solution to the problem found, yes/no?7. Examine and report performanceThe point, of collecting the data, is to gather new insights and draw conclusions. But before this happens the data has to meet the following criteria:ensure data collected answered original questions,locate and remove any bias in the collection process,ensure the correct number of observations were accumulated, andfinally ensure the data is enough to come to meaningful conclusions.The next part of this step is to analyze. Remember, collected data is not necessarily a true reflection of actual performance, so there will likely need to be more than one raw data input to get the true picture. Once the raw data is put into the analytic system, it needs to be grouped into a simple readable and understandable form, either tabular, statistical, graph or in a singular chart as the data needs to be easy to draw conclusions from. Then finally the information and conclusions will be developed into a report.8. Compare goals and performance measuredIn this step, the responsible party has to compare the report to the goals outlined from the start. Are there variances to be corrected? If so, the leader will create his or her report and send it on to the person in charge of making the changes.9. Ensure corrective measures are takenThis step has to do with making a decision; does the leader take action, toss out the recognized variance or make a new set of standards?   The leader can either change the objectives or change the process taken to get to the objectives. A root cause analysis will help to determine what is the best possible solution whether the process is redundant or the goals unrealistic.10. Bring process and goals in line with each otherThis cycle is also known as the feedback loop, and it will close off once the goals and the steps taken are in sync. There is a number of actions that can be taken to ensure the two are working together to bring about the best results. The desired result is always to remove defects and improve the process to achieve the main objective.11. Establish new goals if neededThe step is pretty self-explanatory; if it doesn’t work then it needs to be adjusted. Keep these three features in mind when designing a new performance measurement goals.The degree of success in previous attempts.The changes applied to the process.The ability to adequately communicate improvement relative to the work process.Keep in mind also that goals need to be challenging but achievable and that if previously set standards were impossible to meet then consider adjusting expectations. Do the reverse also for objectives that were easily exceeded. And finally, if there was extensive revamping done to the work process, then there needs to be new performance measures set.PERFORMANCE MEASURESPerformance m easures explain how well product, services and processes are working together to keep customers satisfied. According to Wikipedia, performance measures include the study of processes within a company to see if output is in line with objective.These tools help companies to understand, control and improve or maintain their internal operations. Performance measures tell companies how well they are doing, how satisfied or dissatisfied customers are, whether goals are being met and what if any improvements are necessary.  A performance measure is a number and a unit of measurement, the number, which is called a magnitude, measures how much is being done and the unit tells what is being done. These measures are usually tied to a target (the company’s goals) and can be measured in units such as hours, years, and the number of reports or number of errors. Most of the performance measures used, however, can be placed into one of the following categories.Effectiveness â€" measures if the r ight steps are being taken or, in other words, answers if the product is meeting the requirements.Quality â€" evaluate the degree to which the company’s service or product meets, fails or exceeds customer requirements.Efficiency â€" indicates if the company is doing things right, or in other words are the designated processes producing the desired outcome.Productivity â€" measures the value that is added to a company once it considers and calculates the cost of labor and capital needed to complete the process.Safety â€" is an overall measurement of the health of the organization and the surrounding work environment for employees.Timeliness â€" measures if work was done efficiently and as scheduled. Each unit of work must have set guidelines for timeliness to meet the needs of the customers.PERFORMANCE REPORTING COMPONENTSPerformance reporting is the process of collecting raw data, deciphering the coherence between the goals and process and creating and distributing performance inf ormation to stakeholders. According to Anticlue.net, there is an added aspect of reporting and that is the clarification of the use of resources to obtain the goals that have been set. In a performance report clarification should be done alongside the information provided on scope, cost, schedule quality and procurement, as well as the following inputs should be taken into consideration.Data on work performance: This information outlines the work that is being performed, completed recently and what the follow up steps will be.Units of Performance measurement: These measurements include schedule variances, cost variance, cost performance index, schedule performance index and planned value among others. These values help with reporting unbiased and relevant quantifiable information, thus making better reports.Completed forecast: This measure is the predictor of future roadblocks in the process. Forecast completion, or completed forecast is often expressed using two factors: estimate a t completion and estimate to complete, which gives time and amount predictions for completing a project.Measures for quality control: Activities that compare results to quality standards and processes are called quality control measures. These are put in place to ensure the product provided is of the highest quality.Project Management Plan: This contains the performance measurement baseline, which is the basis for approved management control.Requested changes approval: In the change request approval input, any changes that have been approved are ready to be put in place. After project changes have been approved, they need to be placed in front of stakeholders so these changes can be communicated and implemented.Produced actions: These refer to all the actions, results, products associated with producing and completing the task.BENEFITS OF PERFORMANCE REPORTINGPerformance reports help companies to define, set and achieve better performance goals and helps stakeholders manage the risk in investing in this company. The technology-driven process that can be put to analyze the raw data collected and turn it into actionable strategies to help companies with their decision-making process. It comes with a lot more benefits, but it needs to be a main focus of the company that wishes to improve its process.   The report should cover every aspect of the company’s operation from concept to distribution and cover the lifecycle of the business. Various studies that should be included in the report are employee health and safety, social and environmental responsibility, safety of the processes being undertaken and quality and security practices of the company.  By focusing on those areas and including the fundamental components of leadership, risk management, improvement and implementation, while involving the elements of an established structure, an overview of each section of the report, a statement of purpose and set of expected outcomes, business will benefit greatly from their performance reports. Listed below are just a few of the immediate benefits that businesses with continuous performance management and performance measurement, evaluation and reporting can expect to experience.Getting the most out of business practices internallyImproved decision-making processOperational facility improvements due to changesAllows the team to analyze the status of the schedule and budgetContinuous feedback to team members and managersEncourage effective communication with upper management and customersEarly identification of variances to be addressedQuick implementation of corrective measuresAccess to new business and, therefore, new revenueBeating out the competitionSpoting business problems that need to be addressed

The Effects of the Stock Market Crash of 1929 - 946 Words

Western Civilzation The stock market crash October 29, 1929 was apart to a world wide financial crises. World War I was a boost for agriculture in the United States. While Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union was victorious in World War I, the war proved devastating economically. It brought heavy debt and much of their resources were used to pay the debt of the war. Much of Europe’s major cities were destroyed. Asia and South America provided exports during the war and continued to do so after the war ended. This extended the economic recovery in Europe even further. Germany was under the Treaty of Versailles thus in debt to the entire cost of the war that was to be paid in foreign securities. This was a significantly large problem and the United States agreed to loan money to Germany in order to help stabilize its economy. Because United States Industry was unaffected by the war they were able to turn its concentration to consumer production. The United States became a †Å"creditor nation† because of its prosperity and was able to lend money to other countries. After affects of World War I to farming and food industries, the roaring twenties and inequality of wealth, risky investments with leveraged stock purchases caused the stock market crash were causes of the great depression. During World War I Europe’s agricultural was at a dead standstill. At this time the world depended on the United States for exported produce. The governmentShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of The Stock Market Crash Of 19291552 Words   |  7 Pagesdrops precipitously as it did in 1929. Even today, there is controversy regarding the causal events leading up to the stock market crash of 1929. The question most debated is- which factor was the greatest contributor to causing the crash? Many think the answer is simple, for example, unemployment. On the contrary, the answer is quite complex because there were many interconnected causes. When answering this question , it is first crucial to analyze the causes of the crash and the causes of the depressionRead MoreEssay on Stock Market Crash as the Cause of the Great Depression1211 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States Great Depression leads many people to believe different stories about what actually caused it. The Stock Market Crash in October of 1929 is often referred to as the beginning of the Great Depression, but did it actually cause it? The answer is that it was the spark that lit the flame of the Great Depression. The Great depression was a financial decline that started in 1929 and lasted through most of the 1930s. Its pinpoint was in North America and Europe, but plagued countries aroundRead MoreEssay on The Great Crash of 1929 and The Panic of 20081323 Words   |  6 Pagessponsorship of the assembly line, the automobile industry was rising and vehicles were becoming more affordable. The end of World War I was also having a positive effect on the American economy. The events leading to the crash of ’29 were recognizable and now as economists look back some ask how did we as a nation not see this coming? The actual crash did not occur overnight, it lasted over the span of five days, days that America will never forget. America had just implemented an installment plan whichRead MoreEssay on The Great Depression, Annotated Bibliography879 Words   |  4 PagesStephen G. Understanding the Great Depression: Lessons for Current Policy . Monetary Economics (1997): 1-26. This article is about the circumstances that led to the collapse of the economy in 1929. It relates to my research proposal because I am evaluating historic events that led to the financial crisis of 1929. The article discusses how deflation played an important role in expanding the depression, and how the Gold Standard, a monetary system in which a country’s government allows its currency unitRead MoreThe Stock Market Crash of 19291289 Words   |  6 Pagesat home or in the bank into the stock market. People migrated to the prosperous cities with the hopes of finding much better life. In the 1920s, the stock market reputation did not appear to be a risky investment, until 1929.First noticeable in 1925, the stock market prices began to rise as more people invested their money. During 1925 and 1926, the stock prices vacillated but in 1927, it had an upward trend. The stock market boom had started by 1928. The stock market was no longer a long-term investmentRead MoreEssay abou t The causes and effects of the stock crashes1596 Words   |  7 PagesThe causes and effects of the stock crashes Almost 75 years and almost 20 years ago, there were huge crashes in New York. These crashes caused an uproar throughout the nation. Number of people died, billions of dollars lost and damaged lots of lives. Those crashes had been called most severe of the 20th century. Those crashes are symbolized as Black Days. Well, you might think that those crashes could be car crashes or plane crashes or train crashes. You might also think that if nationRead MorePresident Herbert Hoover : The Legacy Of The Great Depression1156 Words   |  5 PagesGreat Depression. Should Herbert Hoover be defined as the ineffective president accountable for the aftermath of the Stock Market Crash of 1929 or did he actually play an important role in alleviating the economic turmoil, but simply went unrecognized for his heroic contributions? Although he is known to be an excellent businessman, the prevention of the Stock Market Crash of 1929 was an impossible feat for even someone as educated as President Herbert Hoover. All throughout the prior decade, theRead MoreHow Money Is A Crucial Part Of The World1334 Words   |  6 PagesOctober of 1929, America’s economy crumbled and is known as the Stock Market Crash. The Stock Market Crash was an extreme downturn in the value of shares given to companies in America. These events didn’t all collapse in one day; they slowly happened over a two-week time period which highlighted the ending of what was known as the Roaring Twenties. The Crash was a long process Americans had to face before things started to return to their normal state. The process that led up to October 1929 saw equityRead MoreThe Cause and Effects of the Great Depression Essay1443 Words   |  6 Pagesthe stock market crash of 1929 was the main cause of The Great Depression. In fact, The Great D epression was caused by a series of factors, and the effects of the depression were felt for many years after the stock market crash of 1929. By looking at the stock market crash of 1929, bank failures, reduction of purchasing, American economic policy with Europe, and drought conditions, it becomes apparent that The Great Depression was caused by more than just the stock market crash. The effects wereRead MoreThe Stock Market Crash of 19291013 Words   |  5 PagesBlack Tuesday was Tuesday, October 29, 1929. This was the day the New York Stock Exchange crashed. This was the single largest crash in the country. Black Tuesday hit Wall Street as investors traded 16 million shares in one day on the New York Stock Exchange. Black Tuesday wiped out thousands of investors and billions of dollars were lost. Black Tuesday was an event leading up to the stock market crash. As a result numerous Americans lost all to a lot of their savings. Black Tuesday was also known

ASPECTS OF CONTRACT AND NEGLIGENCE FOR BUSINESS - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2541 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Did you like this example? ASPECTS OF CONTRACT AND NEGLIGENCE FOR BUSINESS Executive Summary: The reason of this study is to take in the essential genuine guidelines for which we can use in the sensible parts of business. The study is based on non-lawyers thusly we should give an adequate picture of the plans, for instance, the assent ion, thoughtlessness torts, break of conditions et cetera this is similarly valuable to grasp the taking in the true blue term used inside the business contracts. This study helped me to appreciate the key segments of a business contracts, Torts of Negligence and in like manner the aftereffects of break, and moreover apply the standards and laws for sensible circumstances Table of content: Executive Summary 02 Business contract 04 Types of contracts 04 Contract with references to their meaning and effects 04 Elements of contracts 05 Law on terms 06 Effects of different terms 07 Law of tort 07 Nature of liability in negligence 08 vicariously liable 08 Tort of negligence and defense 08 Elements of vicariously liability 09 Con clusion 10 References 11 Task 1 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "ASPECTS OF CONTRACT AND NEGLIGENCE FOR BUSINESS" essay for you Create order A) Business Contract 1) Offer and Acceptance There must be authentic offer and lawful acknowledgement in every generous contract so as to maintain it in the eyes of the law. Offer may be made either by words or conduct. Where an offer is made orally by words or staying in contact with, it is called as an express offer. If the offer is accumulated from the conduct of an individual, this is known as a construed offer. 2) Lawful Consideration Consideration is described by most statutes as the expense paid by one social event for the assurance of the other. (Cane, 1996) Accordingly, in every significant contract, every one social event must get something at the execution of the assent ion. 3) Capacity of get-togethers. Get-togethers to the assenting must be prepared. Consequently, they must be of the time of bigger part and of sound identity when the understanding is entered into. Henceforth, if a social affair to an assent ion does not touch base at to the time of larger part or does encounter the sick impacts of lunacy or ineptitude, such an understanding is not all around enforceable by law. 4) Free Consent Free Consent incorporates character of brains and surrendering to same sense. Consequently, free consent of all social affairs to an understanding is essential segment for every generous contract. However the free consent of social affairs should not any way be subjected to undue effect and moreover should not be misdirected by deception or trickiness. B) Types of contract The diverse bases on which the understanding could be orchestrated is inspected underneath: Contracts on the Basis of Creation, on the reason of creation, the understanding may be named under: Express Contract Express contract is one which is made by words talked or created. Implied Contract: A gathered contract is one which is made in general than by words talked or formed. It is determined from the conduct of an individual or the circumstances of the particular case. Implicit Contract: A suggested contract is one which is understood from the conduct of social events. C) Contracts with reference to their meaning/ effect 1. Structural Similarities By applying the Unified Contract Structure to the three sorts of understandings, all the individual terms may be balanced. For the most part, the acquisitions line up. Then again, diverged from gathering, one true change is paramount to modify the employment agree to the others. The change is by virtue of the end benefits. Customarily, severance benefits are joined with the end obtainments or immediately succeeding the end events. 2. Similarities The key likenesses are found in dominant part of the chronicle succeeding the terms of the arrangement, particularly in the representations, promises and general acquisitions. 3. Differences Clearly, there are true differentiations, basically in the terms of the arrangement, to be particular, in the exchange and thought acquisitions. i. Bargain Specific There are entrancing contrasts in the repayment and security terms. On the off chance that there ought to be an event of the repayment terms, the business consent particle commonly obliges the manager to repay the specialist; however the manufacturer comprehension requires the foreman to reimburse the association. On the off chance that there ought to emerge an event of the insurance, the employment consent particle normally states that the executive gives Director and Officer Insurance as an afterthought of the agent; in spite of the fact that the foreman comprehension will ordinarily require the manufacturer to pass on assurance as an afterthought of the association. ii. Meeting Driven- -Comparative Gaps This condition can similarly be seen when differentiating acquisition concurrences with cash understandings. By virtue of cash statements, they will practically constantly hold a representation counting commitment, despite the fact that a minority of acquirement understandings holds a tan amount obtainment. Task 2 A) Elements of contract Parties: The social events of an understanding are fundamentally the components included in the assent ion. These could be the name of an individual or an alternate business substance. Thought: The thought in an understanding spells out what everyone social event stands to build from the business course of action. (Cane, 1996). Continuing with the autonomous photographic craftsman representation, the thought acknowledged by the utilizing substance is the finished photographs, and the picture takers consideration is the portion picked up for giving the organization. Terms and Conditions: These can move by and large depending upon the method for the strategy for success. (Law, 2004) Customary cases can join the measure of portion, when portion is normal, the specific nature of the work included and to what degree the consent particle will stay essentially. Capable Parties: An understanding may be regarded invalid in case it could be exhibited that one of the social events wa s sanely blundering at the time of entering into the consent particle. An understanding may also be voided if one social affair was influenced by solutions or alcohol and the other get-together was aware of the first get-togethers condition. Genuine Purpose: A business contract must be for a genuine motivation to be seen as significant. In case, for example, one get-together deliberately contracted to pass on stolen stock for a short minute gathering, the second assembling would have no honest to goodness arrangement of activity if the first assembling fail to pass on the items to their normal end of the line B) Law on terms Imperativeness and impact of broken terms The imperativeness of a term may be clearly seen by exhibiting the assent ion. Thusly, if a comprehension is in the long run put into making structure, then the report is more slanted to be a term of the understanding. The general standard is that the social occasion is bound by all the terms set out in a contractual file once they have stamped it. This applies whether they have examined the terms and appreciated them or not. Terms may be Conditions or Warranties As contracts holds differing sorts of terms, some are oral and some are made and some are more crucial than others. The more vital terms are called conditions and the less important terms are called insurances. Conditions are considered so essential that without conditions one social event or the other get-together or both of the get-togethers would not enter into an understanding. (Law, 2004) so likewise, to make a condition mistakenly or to break a condition, it is seen so really that the wrong assembling will be met all requirements for treat the understanding as void or voidable. Where if the term is an assurance then the wronged get-together may have the ability to search for cash related damages for any mishap persevered by the social occasion and the assertions itself will stay tying on both get-togethers. C) Effect of different terms The Modeling Process To center the ordinary disasters one must first recognize the sort of event that can bring about an incident. Such an event can join ECO and wealth of plan breaking focuses (XPL) judgments. It may moreover join such things as pros compensation multictaimant mishaps, multi policy incidents, the stacking of uninsured driver cutoff focuses or runaway relegated disaster change costs. Occasion Definitions To center the typical adversities one must first recognize the sort of event that can bring about a hardship. Such an event can fuse ECO and richness of course of action breaking focuses (XPL) judgments. (Hedley, 1995) it may similarly fuse such things as authorities compensation multictaimant hardships, multi policy adversities, the stacking of uninsured driver cutoff focuses or runaway doled out adversity change costs. An event definition regularly fuses the going hand in hand with segments: harm, harm or hardship rising out of one or more than one game plan; that is the immediate aftereffect of one particular mishap, calamity or misfortune; that happens in its total at a specific time and place; and is traceable to the same single disaster, fiasco Task 3 A) Law of Tort Contract à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the relationship between the gatherings An understanding is a legally required comprehension formed by the regular consent of the social occasions. The social events may be known to each other, as with a client and an accountant, or they may be pariahs, as with an item association and a person who downloads and presents the item Contract à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the way of the commitment In a contractual relationship, the method for the dedication is controlled by the terms of the understanding. By entering into the assent ion, the get-togethers agree to recognize the resulting responsibilities. That is not to say that there is done chance of understanding, since certain contractual terms may be restricted by statute Contract à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" causation and remoteness of harm This issue concerns the level of the respondents danger for the chain of events set in development by the break of understanding. (Hedley, 1995) the case is in which the respondent was contracted to transport a broken plant shaft from the inquirer production line. B) Nature of liability in negligence To be at danger for something, under the law, plans to be skilled by one means or another for a determination that achieves a violation of the law (criminal commitment) or in harm to others (basic danger). Danger obliges objective that is, youre not liable for something you didnt propose to do. Then again, the law perceives the thought of heedlessness as a methodology to consider an individual mindful when he fails to settle on legitimate decisions, paying little mind to the way that he didnt hope to cause harm. C) Vicariously liable Unlawful obstacle with another person or property signifies trespass. Vicarious commitment is the commitment of the common for the shows of their subordinate. It is the commitment of an untouchable who has the right, capacity or commitment to control the activities of a violator. Action in trespass lies against one presenting trespass through a substitute, as his/ her element administrator or joint part. At the point when the development is not done by the respondent himself; or not by the individual used, paid or controlled by the prosecutor, s/ he cant be made at danger. Liability streams from the relationship of master and servant. (Roxburgh, 1968) The association joins the capability to guide the servant in the execution of the commitments of his/her employment, and to control the shows that no mischief is completed to third persons Task 4 A) Tort of negligence and defenses Tort Law A collection of wrongful criminal and normal acts may expose a business to commitment. Cases join a specialist swindling the Medi-Cal framework, a dealership offering an auto with an insufficiently arranged fuel tank, and a wholesaler reneging on consent to give a settled measure of memory chips at a preset expense. (Roxburgh, 1968) of these three, tort law covers the second outline basic wrongs, other than a break of assenting, that mischief persons, property, fiscal financing or business associations and are realized by the exhibitions or oversights of others. To refuse debilitating verdicts and no-restriction legal advisor costs, everything associations require a crucial understanding of tort models. This will allow them to recognize and minimize potential dangers and to select the best sign of business. This gives that there should be a taking a gander at of the indiscretion of the irritated gathering and the disputant. This is the standard followed in by and large states. The heedlessness of the irritated gathering would not bar recovery in these states, yet would simply reduce the annoyed gatherings recovery to the degree that the evil was achieved by own particular specific recklessness. Defenses to Negligence A business may make preparations for imprudence affirm by ambushing any of the four recklessness parts. Possible obstructions consolidate (1) testing the status of the affronted gathering (e.g., invitee v. licensee) and the relating commitment of planning, (2) certifying that it acted in consent to the crucial standard of attention, (3) ambushing the causal association between act or oversight and harm or damage, or (4) tending to whether the affronted gathering bear any authentic setback. B) Elements of vicarious liability Vicarious commitment is the technique of considering an individual answerable for the developments of another person. Normally, the thought of vicarious danger applies to boss commitment for the developments of their specialists Vicarious liability à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“in the course of employmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  For an official to be held at hazard, the wrong must be submitted inside the course of business. (Roxburgh, 1968)this paradigm is a request of reality, and it is superfluous whether the wrong devoted by the agent was sanction or not. An exec will simply stay far from danger in this situation in case it could be exhibited that a delegate acted on a skip of his own, or figuratively speaking, if the specialist acted in a way that was unconnected with his work. Conclusion: Not contemplating these little conditions can have a tremendous impact if and when it comes time to archive a case. It is quick to scrutinize your technique from front to back. Additionally if the association sends you any addendums for a method that is presently in force, keep them with the first approach, make sure to examine them totally. If you are not sure you fathom what the stating will be expressing, then it would be wise to uncover some individual who does. Acknowledge it or not, a protection org as a matter of first imperativeness target is not to pay claims out. References: Cane, Peter. (1996).Tort Law and Economic Interests. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Deakin, Simon; Angus Johnston; Basil Markesinis (2003).Markesinis and Deakins Tort Law. Oxford University E McKendrick, Breach of Contract and the Meaning of Loss (1999) CLP 53. GH Treitel,Treitel on the Law of Contract(Sweet Maxwell 2003) T Weir,Tort Law(OUP 2002 Hedley, Steve. (1995). Recovering Lost Legacies: White v Jones in the Lords Inns of Court School of Law. (2004).Advanced Civil Litigation (Professional Negligence) in Practice (Blackstone Bar Manual S.)Oxford: Oxford University Press. Powell, John; Stewart, Roger Jackson, Rupert M. (2002).Jackson and Powell on Professional Negligence (Common Law Library). London: Sweet Maxwell. Randy E. Barnett,Contracts(2003) Aspen Publishers Roxburgh. (1968). Rondel v. Worsley: The Historical Background. 84Law Quarterly Review178 Roxburgh. (1969). Rondel v. Worsley: Immunity of the Bar. 84Law Quarterly Review513. RH Sturgess, The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Loss of Chanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Doctrine of Damages for Breach of Contract (2005) Bar Journal Vol. 79(9) 29. S Deakin, A Johnston and BS Markesinis,Markesinis and Deakins Tort Law(Clarendon 2003)

Starbucks Going Global Fast Free Essays

Cataracts is known worldwide as one of the largest and most successful coffee shops. The green circle and mermaid symbol, that has become so well known, it can be seen in nearly every US city, and the company has ambitious plans to expand rapidly off-shore. Howard Schultz started the company in 1987 when he bought out his bosses and began expanding. We will write a custom essay sample on Starbucks Going Global Fast or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cataracts expansion, so far, seems to be rather successful as they have opened over 16,000 coffee shops in 44 countries and have no plans of slowing down. Although the company has experienced exponential growth and unprecedented success It Is not without Its problems. For one, there Is an Increasing level Is dissatisfaction with employees which seems to stem from Cataracts aggressive expansion. With so many employees and stores nation and worldwide employees are becoming increasingly jaded and out of sync with the original mission statement of Cataracts, which was to focus on superior customer service, and service with a smile. Workers are also complaining about being over worked and under compensated. Still bigger problems present themselves. The baby boomers, Cataracts bread and butter consumer, are slowly disappearing, giving way to the more thrifty, down-to- earth generation X, who have become increasingly weary of powerful and rich corporations and whose focus seems to have shifted from the mainstream to the local in most consumer categories. Generation Seer’s are feeling out of place In expensive coffee shops and seem to prefer cheaper alternatives, or prefer to simply make their own coffee. Generation Seer’s are also wearier because of some shady practices that Cataracts engages In, such as predatory real estate, which lends to Seer’s already heightened alert for corporations. Cataracts also does a lot of things right. They cater new products to new markets, such as a green tea Production that was first developed for and introduced in Japan. It has since been a hit and released in the USA. They seem to grasp the fundamental concept that not all markets are the same and understand that existing products might need to be tweaked for them to succeed abroad. They have a sound business model, which lends them ownership to all stores, meaning that stores are not franchised and the corporate hand can interfere with each store as they see fit. The company is expanding rapidly, but the US market Is quickly becoming saturated. To fuel continued expansion and maintain a 20% annual growth the company must go overseas, and this presents problems all on their own, because as we know every cultures tastes and values differ, which Is a pivotal lesson of International marketing. I think that Cataracts business model is sound. As we know the goal of any Dustless Is to maximize senatorial Investment r sucks NAS done Tanat. I nee nave recorded insane sales figures and have grown from 17 coffee shops in Seattle 15 years ago to over 16,000 outlets in 44 countries. Sales have climbed an average of 20 percent annually since the company went public, hitting 673 million last year. They are clearly doing something right, but in my opinion the success will be short lived. Society is shifting gears and the world is changing directions from a world of tangibles to a world of services, from a world of waste to a world of saving. While Cataracts makes a quality product there are also many viable, cheaper, even better substitutes that you can make yourself, and I think that you will see the decline of sales will coincide with a decline in the population of boomers. How to cite Starbucks Going Global Fast, Papers

Simulation Modeling Best Analysis Toolkit â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Simulation Modeling Best Analysis Toolkit? Answer: Introduction This business report is compiled to study the case of a BPO, managed by AJ Lauren, who is the executive vice president, and handled the (EBO) Employee Benefits Outsourcing business of the BPO. The study of the case will further lead to analysing the situation and developing the improvement methods. Not to forget, post improvement to sustain the improved standard control measures are equally important. The case will illustrate application of six sigma process improvement method to improve productivity and efficiency in the outsourcing business (Adizes, 2015). The EBO division was one of the fastest growing business of the BPO Inc. Multitude skills like leadership, managerial, negotiating, patience, and to be able to work under high pressure, are a few skills that are required to management an outsourcing business. The steady growth of the outsourcing business over the past years has resulted into creation of new job positions and hence developed requirement for new managerial skills. Many businesses come across a major issue of rising staff cost, when they try to generate the profit. A proper balance needs to be maintained between improving the sales and service of the business and controlling the costs, to struck effective management of the outsourcing business (Khatri, 2009). Situation Analysis The company is facing difficulty in clearly understanding the issues and what could be the right method to solve the issues without further creating new problems. The initial problem of replying to HAs CEO is already there and connecting with the same is to identify the best possible method of getting a control over the operational issues so as to improve the productivity of CSRs and BAs (Srinivasan, 2017). There does exist gaps in the process which causes delays and problems in reverting to the customers which in turn affects customer satisfaction level. These process gaps need to be streamlined to a level where there exists optimum utilization of resources and further increases the profitability level achieving customer satisfaction. AJ Lauren, already working with Ethan and Jerry on the six sigma black belt project which he is sure will help him improve the operational issues. He is clear in his mind about the objective, however needs further clarity on each and every step involved in improvement process as needs to update the status to top management (Wipro, 2010). Post his meeting with Ethan and Jerry, he is aware of the six sigma project status and also how he will revert to the email of HAs CEO. With the clear status in his mind, he also has some more questions which he wants to solve within next 2 weeks so that immediate actions can be taken to bring improvements (Ray John, 2011). Six sigma is a quality improvement methodology used to improve the processes by analysing process steps, identifying the elements which need improvement, developing element alternatives, and then implementing the improvement elements (Kannan, 2006). The five phases of this improvement methodology is called DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve, and Control) The next part in the report will show all the five phases of the DMAIC methodology for process improvement which will include Define, measure, analyse, improve and ends with control (Erdem, 2007). Define: - Ethan defined the project as Health and Welfare Service Delivery Process to develop its simulation model so as to understand the operational problems, impact of resources on performance metrics, identify solutions and improve profitability and customer satisfaction levels. He could well identify that the problem was somewhere in the operational level of the Health and Welfare Service Delivery Process, that was negatively impacting the customer satisfaction level and profitability of the organization. The performance metrics need to be rigorously analysed to further deep down on the problem area and resolve the issues (Ogdoc, 2015). Measure: - AJ Lauren, the Vice President of the BPO, has an objective in his mind and also has a positive attitude to solve the operational problem at the earliest. He, therefore works with Ethan and Jerry on the six sigma project to resolve the issues positively, leaving no scope for process gaps. The main motive of every company is to achieve customer satisfaction. So as to achieve their goal, they want to train the staff in a professional manner to give quality service to the customers. They want to make a robust operational plan for the company and hence needs to analyse each and every step of all the processes to identify the gaps, resources, issue areas and better monitor the performance metrics (Berg, 2008). The black belt project undertaken is the opportunity to improve all operational problems. A thorough study and analysis of each process is to be done to understand where the resources are getting stuck to revert to the clients with a solution to their queries. The end objective is to empower the resources with all required data on time and to increase their efficiency by multi folds to achieve high client satisfaction level (Barjis Pergl, 2014). Jerry analyses various processes and shows details of it through various exhibits. The first option in their mind was to improve the efficiency utilizing the existing process and system. The various processes have certain gaps and lapses which leads to a wastage of a lot of time from the end of CSRs and hence affects the customer satisfaction level. The time taken by each CSR to resolve a client query at their level if still fine, but the time taken by the CSRs to get the report and data from BAs and then revert to the client is much higher than the standard performance metrics. A huge differentiation is there in the minimum and maximum time taken at various steps of the process. This time differentiation needs to be monitored better to achieve better performance metrics and better tracking of the efficiency and effectiveness (Meyer Scrima, 2006). Analyse: - On analysing the Exhibit 4, team of 7 CSRs are handling the same client, with 2 - 3 CSR at a particular time. The same exhibit also shows that few CSRs are overloaded and few are handling only a single client. Exhibit 7 shows that only 37% of CSR utilization is happening, which leaves a lot of time of CSRs being wasted, which also leads to increased costs (Li Meissener, 2013). Laurens meeting with Ethan and Jerry to get a status of six sigma black belt project gives the details of the process improvement project undertaken by them and the measures identified and studied to do the analysis. Jerry found that there were certain gaps or issues while integrating of database update process, which is done in batches, with the participant care sub process, which is done in real time. While he could develop the process map, he faced some challenges in getting the processing time data for the CSRs and the BAs. He could resolve this there itself by giving form to the BAs wherein they were required to record the processing time themselves (Sharma, Pandla, Gupta, 2014). However, for the CSRs, the system records the call durations, but the system does not record the duration for which the client is kept on hold. This was an area where the specific improvement plan needs to be made so as to eliminate the requirement of putting the client on hold, despite giving training to the CSRs for not doing so. They also identified that many of the resources were underutilized, leading to gaps and unnecessary increase in cost. The focus is to develop a plan to identify how many resources are required in the CSR team and how many in the BA team. The plan needs to further also focus on the optimum utilization of existing resources, if the resources are more than required number then how and where to utilize the excessive resources. While improving the process, a very important step is tp determine the number of BAs, CSRs and Managers required, and how to allocate the clients to each CSR to increase efficiency and also increase the satisfaction level of the clients. While understanding all the gaps and issues in the process to bring improvements, there also is a very important point to find an effective way to revert to the HAs CEO, which also leads to improving the health and welfare service delivery process of the BPO (Breyfogle, Cupello, Meadows, 2000). Ethan explained the suggestion to create a new Case manager position between the CSRs and the BAs. A lot of the discussion happened on how to get new case managers, he also did discussion with the BAs on this point. This plan was created to develop a service delivery solution which would increase the customer service level. He planned to train and develop one of the CSR to be moved to the new case manager position, so as to facilitate career development and optimize operational expenses. This step could develop a direct contact with the service provider, as only few calls will get escalated, but will not eliminate the problem area completely. The responsibilities are still not clearly defined to each CSR and the CSRs could still not take customer issues seriously and with the core responsibility to resolve at the earliest (Team, 2004). The new case manager should be hired from outside the organization, so that the existing teams could accept him as their manager. Making an internal person the leader of both the teams could create internal issues within the teams and could further hamper the performance of the entire process. Also, the qualification of the CSRs and BAs is not sufficient to make them lead such a position. A person who has handled a team of 40 - 50 people and holds a management degree should be hired externally. This new case manager could take some time to settle in the organization and understand the processes, but will also bring innovation and new ideas for improvements. His acceptance level will be on the higher side. The High Touch Low Cost Approach simulation model suggested by Ethan can be a solution in part, but needs to be further refined so as to achieve the desired objective of customer satisfaction level and increased profitability. Improve and recommendations: Staff Training Agreeing with Jerrys opinion about Black Belt training in the March first week, which addresses the define phase and the measure phase. The Sam Regans email read that the benefits and services provided did not meet his expectations, hence a well trained staff reduces the chances of getting unsatisfied customers. The CSRs need a more complex training to enable them to resolve maximum cases at their level. Employee performance is the criteria to select who should undergo the black belt certification and who should undergo the training process, so as to eliminate all process lapses and continuously improve the service levels to achieve customer satisfaction. The selected employees need to be self-motivated to undergo the training process, and should have completely understood the mission of their company, only then can they achieve effective results post completion of training. Through the training process, they will be required to do the regular day-to-day tasks as well as undergo the training and project as a part of the training curriculum, extra efforts will be required for a few months, hence these employees need to be kept motivated in some or the other ways by the human resource department (Chakravorty, 2010). Hire a Manager Ethan gave a good idea about creating a new position for a new Case Manager between the CSRs and BAs. The Case Manager would be a connecting link between the CSRs and BAs, who would handle the issues that CSRs would not be able to clarify. Instead of this case manager being an add-on to the existing headcount, this person can be the managing leader of the CSRs and BAs. He will be continuously monitoring the time taken to resolve each case and would closely monitor the excess time taking cases. He will be the escalation point for any issues or problems. The case related issues should also be escalated to this person. He should work in a manner to resolve the issues and enable both the teams to work and perform better. Clearly define responsibilities and control manpower Three extra CSRs appointed for HA can be utilized at some other place as their timings overlap and also causes overlap of responsibilities. Multiple people handling the same client at the same time are leaving the CSR assume that the work is done or will be done by the other team member. There should be equal division of responsibilities with each CSR with clear description of what needs to be done and how it needs to be done so that the performance of each CSR can be measured accurately (Saxena, 2009). The resources of CSR team are unevenly distributed. There needs to be a proper mechanism to divide the clients with each CSR and number of CSR for each client. This will lead to effective utilization of each resource and also will reduce the cost. However, the manpower cut can lead to insecurity among the existing resources. To have that sorted, there can be new benefit plans and incentive plans implemented, to keep the staff motivated as well as improve their performance. Attractive incentive plans have a positive impact on the team performance. Process improvement The problem of keeping the customer on hold can be resolved completely. This is possible at the CSR level through maintaining a proper communication via email to the customer about the time they need to check and revert on the issue, then the CSR can forward the request to BAs and get the database update. This will keep the customer satisfied about the status that the team has noted the issue and is working on it, also will prepare the customer about the lead time they need to resolve the problem. This particular process by having no waiting time and the customers will no longer be kept on hold for any reason. The CSR and BAs will have sufficient time to check their database and according revert to the customer query. Process Automation Automating the process would further simplify the reporting and performance metrics and assessments to take better decisions. This process could take around a year to get completely implemented, and then two to three months to check the effectiveness and build a control mechanism on it. The automated system should be able to give proper performance reports to be analysed from time to time and accordingly performance metrics can be defined. The automated processes ease out much of the efforts and give effective and efficient results (Erdem, 2007). Control: - The process map developed by Jerry should be continually reviewed and updated from time to time to reflect any modifications. All documents prepared while the improvement process should be standardized and updated with versions. Despite of such practices and improvements it is also beneficial to do rigorous follow-ups and keep implementing corrective actions with simple documentation so as to increase the sustainability of the improvements brought into the process (Bonacorsi, 2012). A very critical factor in the control phase is to set up a plan to monitor the new process so as to maintain the project outputs. This step clarifies the way that how the performance of new process would be continuously monitored, who is the related person to be contacted in case of issues or problems, how to do that and how to respond (Emmett, 2007). Conclusion Customer contact department of a BPO is not just ubiquitous, but also a high mode of customer dissatisfaction. The performance of its CSRs can lead to making or breaking the service providers indexes of customer service levels and loyalty. Just by focusing on the key factor of customer requirements or in simple words by what customer needs, and by building the processes around those needs and collecting further quantitative measurements on the key factors, the EBO group of the BPO Inc, can be an asset to the organization as a whole. At this particular time, the other data factors of client queries, resource utilization, client being kept on hold, etc. becomes critical. The Customer Service Representatives need to be competent enough to be able to answer the client queries at their level, in case of need of more details, they should be well trained on how to handle such clients and keep them warm about the issue and data clarification. These are certain important performance metrics to be taken care of as these are client-affecting service level indicators, which can lead to the loss of a client. References Adizes, I. (2015). Organizing and Managing the Call Center. Retrieved from https://cdn.ttgtmedia.com/searchCRM/downloads/chapter-CRM-6-15.pdf Barjis, J., Pergl, R. (2014). Enterprise and Organizational Modeling and Simulation. Springer. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?id=clCqBAAAQBAJdq=case+study+of+failure+of+simulation+model+in+BPOsource=gbs_navlinks_s Berg, R. (2008, January). business-law improvement: Seven steps to operational excellence. Retrieved from https://www.jiops.com/01/2008/business-process-improvement-seven-steps-to-operational-excellence/ Bisk. (2017). Six Sigma: DMAIC Methodology. Retrieved from https://www.villanovau.com/resources/six-sigma/six-sigma-methodology-dmaic/#.Wc4LDHm6bIV Bonacorsi, S. (2012). A Case for Simulation. Bonacorsi Consulting, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.palisade.com/downloads/pdf/A_Case_for_Simulation.pdf Breyfogle, F., Cupello, J., Meadows, B. (2000). Managing Six Sigma: A Practical Guide to Understanding, Assessing, and Implementing the Strategy That Yields Bottom-Line Success. John Wiley Sons. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Jg7GDoxGPFsCdq=failure+of+implementing+in+six+sigma+in+BPOssource=gbs_navlinks_s Chakravorty, S. (2010, January). Where Process-Improvement Projects Go Wrong. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703298004574457471313938130 Emmett, H. (2007). Simulation and Lean Six Sigma. Retrieved from https://www.hksq.org/simulation_and_lean_6s.pdf?bcsi_scan_64741547a7fe261b=0bcsi_scan_filename=simulation_and_lean_6s.pdf Erdem, A. (2007). Simulation modeling for call center management: A case study in private bank. Retrieved from https://isletmeiktisadi.istanbul.edu.tr/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Yonetim-58-2007-1.pdf Kannan, N. (2006, May). Leveraging Lean Six Sigma in Business Process Outsourcing. Retrieved from https://www.sourcingmag.com/leveraging-lean-six-sigma-in-business-process-outsourcing/ Khatri, V. (2009, January). Common Six Sigma Projects In Bpo. Retrieved from https://www.benchmarksixsigma.com/forum/topic/816-common-six-sigma-projects-in-bpo/ Li, H., Meissener, J. (2013). Improving Quality in Business process Outsourcing through Technology. Retrieved from https://www.meiss.com/download/BPO-Li-Meissner.pdf Meyer, L., Scrima, T. (2006). Business Process Optimization: Combining Project Management and Six Sigma Best Practices to Better Understand and Optimize Critical Business Processes. Retrieved from https://depts.washington.edu/pmgroup/GlobalCongress2006/GBS03_wp.pdf Ogdoc, L. (2015, May). Emerging New Economies: A Case Study of Lean Six Sigma in BPO Industry. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/emerging-new-economies-case-study-lean-six-sigma-bpo-industry-ogdoc Ray, S., John, B. (2011). Lean Six?Sigma application in business process outsourced organization. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 2(4), 371-380. Retrieved from https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/20401461111189443 Saxena. (2009). Business Process Outsourcing for Strategic Advantage. Excel Books. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?id=SASVHWF8HvcCdq=failure+of+implementing+in+six+sigma+in+BPOssource=gbs_navlinks_s Sharma, M., Pandla, K., Gupta, P. (2014). Case study on Six Sigma at Wipro Technologies: Thrust on Quality. Retrieved from https://www.iitk.ac.in/infocell/announce/convention/papers/Changing%20Playfield-04-Manisha%20Sharma,%20Kapil%20Pandla,%20Prasanth%20Gupta.pdf Srinivasan, S. (2017). Simulation Modeling Best Addition to Analysis Toolkit. Retrieved from https://www.isixsigma.com/tools-templates/simulation/simulation-modeling-best-addition-analysis-toolkit/ Team, W. (2004, January). Skills Needed by Call-Center Supervisors. Retrieved from https://www.workforce.com/2004/01/30/skills-needed-by-call-center-supervisors/ Wipro. (2010). Process modeling simulation. Retrieved from https://www.wipro.com/documents/resource-center/library/process-modeling-simulation.pdf?bcsi_scan_64741547a7fe261b=0bcsi_scan_filename=process-modeling-simulation.pdf

Xenophobia the History of Immigration Progress in the U.S free essay sample

Xenophobia: The History of Immigration Progress in the U. S Containing some of the most economically and culturally vibrant urban centers in the world, the United States remains the economic and the cultural hub of the world. However, along with nation’s prosperous achievements in such fields, the United States has been struggling with variety of problems caused among its diverse groups of population. Indeed, since â€Å"colonizing† this land in the early 1500s, the United State seems to have had a problem with just about every race/sex/religion/nation possible for one reason or another.Oftentimes this lack of understanding escalates into weird laws, unfair labor practices, cultural polarization, and eventually lots of people being shot by lots of other people. The United States citizenry has a long and fairly intense history of collective distrust for people society doesn’t understand or doesn’t want to understand, and often the target for collective distrust has included immigrants throughout the history. We will write a custom essay sample on Xenophobia: the History of Immigration Progress in the U.S or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Take Los Angeles for example, which has the largest concentration of immigrants in North America.More than 224 languages are spoken in the city, and over 50% of the population is foreign-born (Moore 13). Immigrants include motivated factory workers as well as entrepreneurs and professionals. Add to their presence native-born Americans, and it is easy to see why America is a place where dreams are often realized. Despite the fact that so many experts agree that the productivity and hard work of immigrants improves the U. S. economy, the immigration issue has been grossly misrepresented by the media and certain politicians.With increasing awareness of how to deal with illegal immigrants, the issue has moved to the center. It is not only an economic issue. It is a cultural and social issue with which Americans have wrestled for a very long time. Xenophobia is a term meaning dislike and/or fear of that which is unknown or those who are different from oneself, especially foreign people. The xenophobic movement was certainly â€Å"ethnocentric,† as it set up a standard for judging all comers to the United States with its own understanding of American culture.Xenophobia is such a complex term that it is often closely related to concepts like prejudice, discrimination, racism, and nativism (Knobel 7). Indeed, this trend of hate seems to still exist today. There are endless debates on illegal or undocumented immigrants living in the United States, and both sides seem to have a strong base for their arguments. In fact, they also have long history behind their arguments. John F. Kennedy once said in 1958, â€Å"Immigration policy should be generous; it should be fair; it should be flexible.With such a policy we can turn to the world, and to our own past, with clean hands and a clear conscience† (Kennedy 9). However, his plan has never been adopted. Even before John F. Kennedy’s time, America suffered from immigration issues. Xenophobia was exhibited towards Irish immigrants who suffered as they tried to adapt to the new society. But the immigrant matter became much more serious after 1863 when the Central Pacific railroad hired Chinese laborers, and the Union Pacific hired Irish laborers to construct the first transcontinental railroad.Then other ethnic groups started to immigrate to the United States. From 1910 to1920, 2 million Italians arrived. Every time a new ethnic group was introduced to the society, xenophobia was exhibited towards them by the original members of the society. The target has changed from Italians to Jews, Japanese, Germans, Mexicans, Russians, and Middle Easterners, but the phenomenon was similar with each category of people. For instance, one New York Times article shows how the society slowly accepts new arrivals.With the largest wave of immigration since the turn of the century raising New York Citys foreign-born population to 28 percent, a poll done in 1993 found that most residents said there were too many immigrants in town and added that while most are law-abiding, they had ma de the city a worse place to live (McFadden). The article that was written to discuss the findings of the poll shows how xenophobia works. Oftentimes there are no good reasons to support xenophobia. Rather it is simply a hateful feeling towards those who are different from insiders. Xenophobia is not only found in America’s local communities.It also exists in America’s courts as well. The influence of xenophobia on juries may affect adjudication in the federal as well as state systems (Moore 7). Sadly, the cultural prejudice has been affecting the nation’s institutions within and without. In one historic example, a District of Delaware court stirred up concerns over xenophobia, prejudicing the jury when attorneys for an American company suggested that if the patent holder won the lawsuit, Motorola, which employs American workers, would have to stop making cellular phones, and all of these jobs would be lost to the Japanese (Moore 8).In one way or another, whether it is direct or indirect, the existence of xenophobia in the courts is clear and obvious. Although changing attitudes toward immigrants is bringing positive changes to the courts, there are many more decisions that need to be made fairly and correctly on immigrants in the United States. Most recently, the movement towards giving the millions of undocumented migrant workers who live here and contribute to the country economically, culturally, and socially the opportunity to become legal residents of the United States is growing stronger.Of course, there are strong opponents who disagree with such movement tow ards legalizing the undocumented migrant workers. Yet, there is no verdict on whether or not undocumented migrant workers should earn their legal status in the United States. Regardless of judging which is right or wrong, it is necessary for either side and for all people to realize that xenophobia must be taken out of the argument in order to stay balanced and be fair. Hopefully, after 500 years of repeating this ‘hate’ cycle, American society is getting better at understanding each other’s needs.

The Effects of Globalization essays

The Effects of Globalization essays In the modern world today activities are becoming faster, closer, and easier than they had ever been. Communication has never been easier. At the click of a button people are able to exchange information almost instantly. Not only is the rate of information becoming faster, but also the rate of exchange of goods, services, and money. With all this exchange of information, what keeps us separated in the world? Has what was once a separate world consisting of different nations and areas becoming hurled into one large body? This distribution and pulling together of the world is referred by most as globalization. Globalization is believed by many as being the revolution of the future. However, globalization is not just in the future; it is also existent in the present day as well and is growing rapidly. (geneseo.edu/~jet4/, 2000) As with any concept, globalization has positive and negative views upon it. These positive and negative characteristics affect many different aspects of humanity, for instance culture, the economy, education, and politics. These and many other aspects are also affected upon. (geneseo.edu/~jet4/, 2000) It is very difficult for something as big as globalization to not have even a little affect on the culture of a region. Culture, being a way of life, will always be changing. Globalization is just one of many contributions to this. As globalization grows it pulls nations closer together. In doing this a concept called cultural diffusion or cultural blending often takes place. This can be thought of as a good thing or in some cases a bad thing also. Cultural diffusion allows a wide variety of different cultures to grow and flourish. However, since these cultures are changing so rapidly, some of the long held traditions of the past may start to die out and not be presented in the future. This of course will disagree with individuals who value these traditions. (c...

Masking Poor Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Masking Poor Communication - Essay Example Perhaps this is because we tend to take the allegiance of our family members for granted. Over time, we start navigating through our communication approaches, believing that those who are close to us will never leave us and our bond with them is too strong to withstand any misunderstanding or miscommunication. It is only when our kids turn rebellious and problematic, or our spouses file a divorce petition that we begin to realize that irrespective of strong family bonds, relationships need to be constantly worked on. I do remember one such instance in my life when I failed to communicate properly with a loved one. My 14 year old sister Victoria was chronically obese. The doctors had diagnosed that unless she engages in some fitness activity, she could develop serious health problems. Being a fitness conscious person, I decided to help Victoria. I woke up Victoria at 5 in the morning and she gladly changed into her track suit and sport shoes to go for a walk with me. I told Victoria that we will have a half an hour brisk walk followed by some exercises. However, after a couple of minutes I notice that Victoria was lagging behind me by at least 300 meters. Moved by my concern for her, I simply yelled at her, believing that this will encourage her. However, to my dismay, Victoria broke into tears and ran back home, leaving me alone. Standing there I mulled over this problem. It was then that I realized that I simply failed to understand the fact that being an overweight and sedentary person, engaging in brisk fitness activities on the very first day must have been too much for Victoria. I was assessing Victoria by my standards. Just because she was my sister, I had turned blind to her problems and had not even tried to talk about them with Victoria. So, on returning home I apologized to Victoria for my aggressiveness. The next day onwards, I redesigned a fitness regimen after taking Victoria into

Judgement in Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Judgement in Accounting - Essay Example Secondly, accounting follows a framework popularly known as â€Å"The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting†. In addition, the overall accounting structure and basic formation of reporting, assists in conceptualizing accounting better. The knowledge of accounting principles, procedures, and rules is valuable to business and its eventual success in any given financial period. Financial records are made numerically and any accounting analysis on them should be numerical (Anthony, 1993). The â€Å"International Public Sectors Accounting Standards Board† sets standards and Recommended Practice Guidelines in accounting. They are used by government agencies in the national, regional, and local governments. According to this board, the Conceptual Framework for Financial Accounting is mainly used for preparation and presentation of general purpose financial reports (Needles & Powers, 2012). The Conceptual Framework also extends its authority to public sectors social secu rity funds, trusts, statutory authorities, as well as, international governmental organizations. However, the general purpose financial reporting has the main objective of providing financial information about a business that comes in handy when looking for current investors; reports to creditors when requesting for loans; and decision making regarding purchases, sales, equity holding and debts in line with the profits or returns. There are two types of financial reports. They include general Purpose Financial Reports and Special purpose Financial Reports. General Purpose Financial reporting refers to a central component of enhancement and support, of the financial reports by public sector entities. The intentions of these reports is to satisfy the information requirements, for users who may be in a position that lacks enabling factors for preparation of financial reports that are tailor-made, to meet their information needs. They also contain a number of reports each of which gives a response that is within the scope of financial reporting, with respect to the objectives of financial reporting. However, the scope of financial reporting also includes guidelines on how other various events and activities can be reported in the financial report. On the other hand, Special Purpose Financial Reports (SPFRs) are financial reports whose sole purpose is to respond to specifications for users that bear authority, to make such requirements and for a specific purpose (Piper, 2013). There are characteristics that guide the qualitative nature of important financial information. These characteristics include comparability, timeliness, verifiability and comprehensibility. However, the basic qualitative characteristics include relevance and faithful representation. For financial information to display relevance, it should influence the decision made by the user (Balakrishnan & sprinkle, 2008). Failure to consider the importance of the relevance of the information will create a niche, even after the decision is made. However, the financial information must display a predictive value and a confirmatory value to attain relevance. Moreover, the confirmatory value should either confirm or differ with the evaluations that were previously made. On the other hand, financial information that exhibits a predictive value must also exhibit a confirmatory value because these two values are interrelated. For instance, a company’s financial report can be used to project future earnings for the company (Gupta, 2009). However, it should also be verified that the method of prediction

A Case Study Of Ray Ozzie Software Strategist Marketing Essay

A Case Study Of Ray Ozzie Software Strategist Marketing Essay Ray Ozzie was the known to play a major role at the lotus notes before he became the Chief Software Architect of the Microsoft team (Microsoft, 2010). In 2005, he aimed to webify Microsoft in order to level up with the wide use of internet and search engines such as Yahoo! and Google. He had to create a management strategy in order to find out the best way to share the information through his colleagues and be able to sum up the ideas on how to maintain the revenues of the company. The case study, Ray Ozzie, Software Strategist, relates with the everyday processes, practices and activities that are involved in creating a strategy. Why was the Semiahmoo retreat not successful in creating sustained momentum around the issue of Microsofts core? The March retreat of the companys top 110 or so executives including Bill Gates was not successful because they failed to discuss the key factors about the Microsofts core. It is said that the company relied on selling proprietary software straight to users or to the manufacturers of computer for pre-installation on machines. However, the strategy was being challenged by free open-source software like linux and web- based companies whose software was free off the internet and supported by advertising such as Google or Yahoo!. This seemed to leave the company behind the emerging software that offers free access over the internet and is able to use by the customers directly. The companys processes of reaching the market have had difficulties most especially the shipping of products. Retreat at Semiahmoo was not able to initiate a clear discussion of the things that Microsoft has to do in order to get back to the emerging companies in the Information Technology industry today. They have got breakout sessions in order to brainstorm various strategic issues and it was observed that the people within the company relate to Bill. It appeared to be more of a team building for the executives and the group refused to organise the issues covering the strategy or the issue of the Microsofts core. They argued it was untimely and likely to cause unnecessary apprehension to engage more people as it involves the past strategies. Thus, the momentum from the retreat on Semiahmoo did not have enough space to tackle the said issue. The importance of focus on the processes and practices with regard to the activities of the company is given much attention rather than the issue of sustaining the strategy for selling products in a unique manner (Christensen, 1997). The practice of strategy involves the important components of how the organisation manages its people and links the outcomes from strategising events, activities, meetings and other. In addition to, the focus of the group went to the attraction of the place, perhaps, and the experience to bond with each other. The strategic challenge that Microsoft was facing was not clearly defined as well. The team relied on the past strategy and thought it was irrelevant to review. The retreat ended without accomplishing what was really tasked to do because the team overlooked the criticisms about the past strategies without realising that it is important to be able to figure out what specific changes to focus on or where exactly they should concentrate. Why was Ozzie more successful in creating follow-on action after the Robinswood retreat? After the Semiahmoo retreat, the company had a second retreat because the first attempt to create a strategy for the Microsofts core evaporated. Ozzie took charge of the second retreat and it was successful. Although Ozzie have not tried working intimately with the team, he took his chance on delivering and defining the strategic challenge that the company was facing. The retreat was held as Robinswood house where in it appeared to be substandard unlike the Semiahmoo retreat. Ozzie provided a 51- page memo beforehand that describes his diagnosis of the strategic challenge facing Microsoft. He detailed out the challenges for the company through his friendly mood and did not confront anyone with the past mistakes of the company. He opened up a discussion through an invigorating exercise about the unfavourable things happening in the present technical and organisational strategy of the company (Fried, 2009). Thus, it gave the team a chance to speak up and raise the issues with regard to the mistakes of the company on its operations most especially the issues that they have to solve most especially the fluctuating revenues of Microsoft. The meeting resulted on a more intense discussion with the team about the future strategies that could benefit the organisation. A progress was made although a good deal of controversy was still present. Furthermore, Ozzie put a highlight on the changing environment and the importance of service to the clients. The communications technologies have drastically developed into a more convenient form. In the modern world, the people pay much attention to the interaction with the company and its products and services and how they are able to use in a simple way. The businesses are directly reaching the customers with lower costs and provide a great service. Technology companies are now practicing ways to sell the products without the hassle of shipping and most importantly with lower costs such as downloading the application directly from the website supported by advertisements and the like. As Ozzie have seen, Microsoft is not developing a strategy on how to compete within the industry most especially the strategy of advertising- supported services and software over the internet. The strategy depicts innovation and fives the foundation for the web developers to improve and develop the services to the customers. Microsoft has to embrace this kind of business strategy in order to come up with a more practical way to reach and interact with the market and benefit the company with remarkable revenue. The company have to reflect on its past mistakes and relate to the present environment to be able to emerge with what is going in the market. The leadership responsibilities, strengths and weaknesses of the company should be discussed in a genial manner so an immediate response from the team could result to a better strategy to solve the challenges. The business might be at risk if the team fails to handle the dilemma accordingly and did not maintain an open communication (Levy, 2008). Comment on Ozzies communications strategy with regard to the Internet Services Disruption. The communication strategy of Ozzie is indeed a good way to reach the executive staff and he explained clearly what his goals are for the company. According to the memo, he has a lot of positive reasons to innovate more with regard to the strategic challenge that the company is facing. He delivered the memo very well such as stating that the leaders understand the efficiency of eradicating the hindrances on developing products. Reorganisation is considered to be an important step for improving the alertness of the company (Ozzie, 2005). He maintained a positive outlook on the past strategy of the company although it prevailed to put the business at risk. He still considered past strategies to start the development of the company on what he aims on his recent strategies. It is a very good way to motivate the organisation to move on to the next stage and be able to encourage them to participate and work accordingly. His idea of differentiating the strategy from the past developments of the company made it significant to understand the whole point. He immediately perceived the feedbacks of the readers so he addressed, in advanced, the possible doubts of the readers of his memo. Ozzie continues to innovate as he mentioned a continuous change every five years for the company to cope with the changing environment of the market considering that technology is growing rapidly. His focus on the recent strategic issues gives the memo a clearer objective to increase the motivation for the team to work well on creating new products and continuously creating a solution to the challenges. Ozzie is catered to the transformation of the company into a more user-friendly and interactive to reach the customers, partners and other for bigger opportunities (Ozzie, 2005). Thus, Ozzies communication strategy promotes a vision and a set of well- defined goals and objective that makes a dependable leader to integrate the varied activities and ideas of the whole team. Conclusion Ray Ozzie worked well on the creation of new strategies for the Microsoft such as going live and being more interactive with its users. Advertising-supported software and other internet-based applications are emerging in the market and are doing well with its revenues. The techniques of internet advertising have drastically affected by the innovations on technology. The use of broadband is considered to be a blanket for the market starting from the purchase of the computer up to the installation of its software and applications. Hence, it calls for an extensive innovation for Microsoft to comprehend with the use of the World Wide Web.

Health Care Reform Matrix Essay

With your learning team, complete the Health Care Reform matrix below. Listed in this matrix are some of the topics addressed by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act policy. You are required to describe the issue, in your own words, and list 2-3 points about each topic under each heading in the matrix. Describe the issue: Key concerns regarding the issue: How is this issue addressed in the current health care environment? How will this issue be addressed by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act? Patient Bill of Rights A newly implemented set of protections that apply to health coverage starting on or after September 23, 2010. The patient bill of rights was implemented to end common insurance abuses such as discrimination against children with preexisting conditions, ban on insurance companies dropping or limiting coverage for individuals in their utmost time of need, and coverage for preventive care. In the past insurance companies were known to deny coverage for people with preexisting conditions including children. Also in the past insurance companies were allowed to deny coverage for preventive treatments. Currently in the health care environment insurance companies are no longer allowed to discriminate against children with preexisting conditions and are not allowed to deny or limit coverage. Individuals are now entitled to coverage regardless of their health status. The affordable care act has implemented the patient bill of rights which makes it mandatory for insurance companies to accept individuals and provide coverage regardless of their health status and regulates coverage for certain preventive testing mandatory such as cancer screening, immunizations and hearing and vision test for children and newborns Medical Loss Ratio Medical loss ratios are defined as when an insurance company spend a substantial portion of consumer premium dollars on administrative costs and profits including executive salaries and marketing. Lawmakers have raised some concerns about the MLR  provisions, including the issue that insurers are not allowed to deduct insurance agent, broker and salary bonuses and commissions from their medical loss ratio expenses The ACA requires certain health  insurers to provide consumer rebates if they do not meet a set financial target known as a medical loss ratio (MLR) Beginning in 2011 all health insurers are required to publicly submit data reports detailing aggregated state level financial data as well as income from premiums and expenditures on health care claims quality improvement taxes licenses and regulatory fees under the ACA. State-based Health Insurance Exchange Online State Health Insurance comparison websites A state can offer it’s own insurance or work with other states to establish regional insurance coverage exchanges People who are not able to obtain affordable insurance through their workplace, Medicaid or CHIP had the opportunity to purchase health insurance during open enrollment October 2013. 25 states out of the 50 united states have decided not to run an exchange for their specific state residents People who are not offered affordable insurance through their workplace must purchase coverage individually which can be quite expensive. Residents of states that do not offer specific insurance can explore coverage’s offered by regional exchanges The Act promises to give individuals health coverage by reforming the insurance markets and insurance. Individuals can compare and contrast coverage. Coverage will be of one of two packages, Family/Individual coverage and Small Business coverage. Federally-facilitated Insurance Exchange Federal government will have to be aware of insurance laws that are state specific Federally Facilitated exchanges do not have the option to regulate which health plans are purchased through the exchanges like states do States are allowed to decide which health plans they want to have participating in their exchange If plans out side of the federally facilitated exchanges offer coverage that is less-comprehensive and more affordable residents may  choose to purchase that rather than the federal The National Committee for Quality Assurance use accrediting companies to determine which health plans are qualified Residents are able to chose which insurance provider they would like to purchase from if they chose to do so All health plans within the state will be allowed to participate in the Affordable Care Act It is projected that as sicker people begin to make more claims on coverage purchased through exchanges the price for coverage will increase Consumer Assistance Programs Consumer assistance programs under the Affordable Health Care Act were implemented to help and assist consumers with filing complaints, Appeals, as well as to assist consumers in enrollment in health care coverage, and educate consumers on the rights and responsibilities. Also by law data is collected on consumer inquiries and complain as well as problems to help identify concerns with in the marketplace and strengthen enforcement in a quality improvement A ley concern with consumer assistance programs is the lack of adequate funding. Aside from the lack of adequate funding consumer assistance programs were put in place to address consumer complaints and concerns and assist consumer when enrolling in health care coverage, as this will be a fundamental necessity to expanding coverage to millions of Americans. new resources will help develop and expand programs to help consumers with health insurance questions and concerns consumer assistant programs vary from state to state but typically states are utilizing consumer assistance programs to help improve coverage expansion Future federal funding and the improvement of available resources can help states improve consumer assistance programs which deal with consumer complaints, enrollment concerns, and enrollment and coverage assistance Pre-existing Condition Insurance Plan A pre-existing condition is a health or medical condition that a patient has prior to having an active insurance policy. These conditions include but are not limited to: Heart problems, Cancer, Asthma, or Kidney disease. This plan also known as PCIP provides coverage for those patients with pre-existing  conditions under a special plan. In the past patients have been denied medical insurance due to pre-existing conditions or received medical benefits but exclude pre-existing conditions. Therefore, patients have larger out of pocket costs for the medical care they really need. Currently with the changes that are being done with the healthcare reform, insurance companies are not allowed to deny coverage to patients due to a pre-existing condition. However, there is an exception with grandfathered plans which don’t benefit the patients at all. PCIP was started to help those patients who need the coverage while the reform is fully enforced. PCIP was closed due to funding could not be guaranteed. However as of 2014 the exchange plans were opened to those who need it and provide coverage for pre-existing conditions. This allows patients to obtain coverage for their medical conditions without having to pay extra premiums or meet certain guidelines in order for medical services to be considered for payment. Annual Limits Alisha In the past many health coverage plans included a lifetime dollar limit or annual limit that the healthcare plan would cover for a patients treatment and patients were required to pay all funds exceeding that limit patients with expensive healthcare would face paying costs when they exceeded their lifetime limits Coverage for Young People Young Adult Coverage is provided for dependants under the age of 26. This allows them to maintain insurance coverage through their parents. This plan is available even if the dependant gets married, has their own insurance, a student or living independently. Before the Affordable Care Act adult children would be removed from policies due to their age, school status or where they lived. Automatic enrollment Losing coverage Extended coverage Are dependents required to get parents insurance when they can get their own? The young adult coverage is not a requirement. Parents can decide if they add their children and if they continue to do so until they are 26 years of age. Some policies offer additional coverage for young adults but they need to check with their insurance carrier. The young adult does not have to be financially dependant or live with their parents in order to receive coverage. This issue was addressed to help lower the amount of uninsured individuals. They ensured that increased premiums will not exist in order to make it affordable and convenient. The Affordable act states an insurance carrier cannot increase payment or deny to add a dependant. They provided a special enrollment period in September 2010 in order for young adults to take full advantage of the changes. Grandfathered Plans According to â€Å"Healthcare.gov† (2014), â€Å"Grandfathered plans are those that were in existence on March 23, 2010 and haven’t been changed in ways that substantially cut benefits or increase costs for consumers. Insurers must notify consumers with these policies that they have a grandfathered plan.† (Grandfathered health insurance plans). These types of plans can be obtained from employer or individually (paid directly by the consumer) A key concern with this type of policy is changes that can be made such as increased premium payments. These plans are not subject to have a fixed rate or fixed increase. Individual policies do not have to cover pre-existing conditions even with the new reform law in place This plan can limit which doctors a patient can visit. There is a way around this type of insurance plan. If there is a significant change in the policy the insured individuals need to be notified. With significant change the policy may be required to drop the â€Å"Grandfathered plan† status and therefore positive changes in the insured’s coverage. Considerations were taken when making the decisions for this law. The law did not go into effect until March 2010 therefore old policies do not fall under this act. The only insurance policies that were going to be impacted are those that became effective 04/01/2010. Prevention Due to the high rise in cost and health care, Americans throughout the world were unaware and uneducated about health care prevention. Therefore, individuals had minimal knowledge how to decrease the chances of disease. Costs 75% of health care costs on chronic illnesses can be prevented 7 out of 10 deaths a year are due to illnesses that could have been prevented with the use of preventative health care The ACA helps make prevention for Americans, affordable and accessible. The act ensures that most of their health plans cover the recommended preventative services. Americans with private health insurance are able to gain access to preventative services at no cost. In March 2010 congress passed a new health legislation law, â€Å"Affordable Care Act†, in which makes health care, and preventative care services an easier and less costly way for Americans to have access to these types of services. Review of Insurance Plans The Affordable Care Act is providing health care coverage to millions of Americans. On January 1, 2014 , the health care market was open to those who wanted to sign up under the Affordable Care act. There are 5 different categories or â€Å"metal levels† of coverage in the Marketplace. According to â€Å"Marketplace Insurance Categories† (2014), Plans in each category pay different amounts of the total costs of an average person’s care. Bronze: Your health plan pays 60% on average. You pay about 40%. Silver: Your health plan pays 70% on average. You pay about 30%. Gold: Your health plan pays 80% on average. You pay about 20%. Platinum: Your health plan pays 90% on average. You pay about 10%. Catastrophic: Catastrophic coverage plans pay less than 60% of the total  average cost of care on average. They’re available only to people who are under 30 years old or have a hardship exemption. As of January 1st, 2014 most Americans had to obtain a qualifying health plan. If they did not they will face a fine. All health plans on the Marketplace can be purchased with subsidies if you qualify. Currently Plans and estimated prices for 2015 coverage will be available in early November. The Affordable Care Act wanted to provide individuals and families health care coverage. The Marketplace plans that are offered help consumers find the policies that best meet their needs. Student Health Plans Students attending college are often limited to health insurance coverage, possibly leaving students and their families with extreme costs in medical bills. Limited benefits Not all student health plans are the same High cost in medical bills Difficult to understand health insurance plans and coverage Through the ACA students have preventative coverage and consumer protections. Protections provided to students who enroll are; annual limits, medical loss ratio and notice requirement. In February 2011, a proposed regulation was issued from the HHS for students, therefore ensuring students the enroll in ACA coverage, get the health plan they need. Self-funded, Non-federal Governmental Plans Alisha A non-Federal governmental employer that provides self-funded group health plan coverage to its employees (coverage that is not provided through an insurer) may elect to exempt its plan from certain requirements of Title XXVII of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act. (CMS 2014) In the past sponsors of self-funded, non-Federal governmental plans were permitted to elect to exempt certain provisions of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act Medicaid Expansion BREE Providing states with additional federal funding to expand their Medicaid programs to cover adults under 65 with income up to 133% of the federal poverty level. So the states that have expanded Medicaid, will be able to provide free or low-cost health coverage to people whose income is below a certain level. Medicaid expansion is a voluntary action by each state. Over 15 million men, women and children will be eligible for Medicaid in State’s that participate in Medicaid Expansion. Although in the states that have not expanded on Medicaid, will leave 5.7 million people uninsured in 2016 . Currently out of the 50 states , 20 are states still have not expanded their Medicaid program. Supporters of the healthcare law believe that the Medicaid expansion will save both state and federal money while extending healthcare coverage to millions of lower-income Americans. Opponents say it is just another example of government overreach and that it is up to the states to determine whether they can afford such an expansion (â€Å"Is Medicaid Expansion Good For The States?† 2014). The Affordable Care Act is actually the reason states are being provided extra funding to expand their Medicaid programs References: About.com. (2013). Retrieved from http://patients.about.com/od/AffordableCareAct/a/Pre-Existing-Conditions-And-The-Affordable-Care-Act.htm CFDA, (N.D). Affordable Care Act (ACA) – Consumer Assistance Program Grants. Retrieved from: https://www.cfda.gov/index?s=program&mode=form&tab=core&id=a8b2f9cc8e4dee31438c7bf8cf918532 Healthcare.gov. (2014). Retrieved from https://www.healthcare.gov/health-care-law-protections/pre-existing-conditions/ Healthcare.gov. (2014). Retrieved from https://www.healthcare.gov/health-care-law-protections/grandfathered-plans/ Health Policy Briefs. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.healthaffairs.org/healthpolicybriefs/brief.php?brief_id=84 Kaiser Family foundation, (Feb, 29, 2012). Explaining Health Care Reform: Medical Loss Ratio (MLR). Retrieved from: http://kff.org/health-reform/fact- sheet/explaining-health-care-reform-medical-loss-ratio-mlr/ Marketplace insurance categories. (2014). Retrieved from https://www.healthcare.gov/choose-a-plan/plans-categories/ Medicaid Expansion Good for the States?. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.usnews.com/debate-club/is-medicaid-expansion-good-for-the-states U.S Department of Labor. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.dol.gov/ebsa/faqs/faq-dependentcoverage.html